Knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding artificial intelligence among health professions students: Implications for AI readiness

Tóm tắt

Objectives: To assess knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding AI among health professions students and to identify factors associated with AI use frequency.
Methods: A single-institution cross-sectional study was conducted among 2,082 health professions students at a medical university in Vietnam from July to December 2025. Data were collected using a self-administered online questionnaire covering demographics, AI knowledge (9 items), attitudes (7 Likert-scale items), and AI use practices. Practice indicators included the number of AI access sources, tools used, and purposes of use. Descriptive statistics, group comparisons, Spearman correlation, and ordinal logistic regression were performed to analyze factors associated with the frequency of AI use.
Results: A total of 2,082 students participated in the study. Most students reported limited knowledge of AI (62.2%), while 31.3% considered themselves knowledgeable about AI. The mean attitude score toward AI was 3.50 ± 0.75, indicating generally favorable perceptions. AI was primarily accessed through social media (88.4%), and ChatGPT was the most commonly used tool. AI was mainly used for information searching (84.9%) and document summarization (60.1%). The most frequently reported barriers included lack of technological knowledge (42.7%) and lack of guidance on AI use (40.1%). Spearman correlation showed positive associations between knowledge, attitudes, and AI practice indicators. Ordinal logistic regression showed that higher knowledge scores (OR = 1.16, 95% CI: 1.11 – 1.19, p < 0.001) and attitude scores (OR = 1.33, 95% CI: 1.17 – 1.50, p < 0.001) were associated with more frequent AI use.
Conclusions: Health professions students demonstrated moderate knowledge, generally favorable perceptions, and increasing use of AI in learning. However, knowledge gaps and practical barriers remain. These findings highlight the need for structured AI education in health professions training to strengthen students’ preparedness for responsible AI use in future healthcare practice.